ICL Group is an Israel-based, publicly listed speciality minerals and chemicals company with global operations. It is engaged in various markets, including agriculture, energy, health and personal care, transportation, food, and paints and coatings. ICL’s subsidiary Dead Sea Works (DSW) extracts potash, bromine, sodium chloride (salt), and other minerals from the Dead Sea under a concession that runs until March 31, 2030. The concession covers an area of 652 square meters and allows the company to construct and expand pumping stations, roads, wells, drillings and other facilities in the Dead Sea, including in the northern Basin located in the occupied West Bank. ICL pumps brine from the Northern Basin, where water levels are steadily declining, into evaporation ponds in the Southern Basin. The company states that it accounts for 23%, or 160 million cubic meters, of the Dead Sea’s annual water depletion in the northern basin. In April 2018, the Israeli government approved phosphate mining in two adjacent polygons (Sde Barir and Zohar South) in the Naqab as part of its “National Master Plan for Mining and Quarrying”, as reported by Who Profits. Work would be carried out by Rotem Israel, a subsidiary of ICL. The mining zone is located close to the unrecognized Bedouin villages of Al-Zarura, Ghaza, and Katamat. The implementation of the Sde Barir plan would reportedly involve evacuating 10,000 Bedouin residents from their land. Legal challenges by human rights and environmental groups, as well as the municipality of Arad, were rejected by the Israeli High Court in October 2021. According to Who Profits, the company is lobbying the Israeli authorities to obtain the required approvals and permits to start mining. The timeline for the Barir field site is currently uncertain. In past years, Who Profits documented products manufactured by ICL’s wholly-owned subsidiary, ICL Haifa, in several agricultural settlements in the Jordan Valley in the occupied West Bank. Moreover, ICL Haifa’s customer retention services, which focus on fertilisers and chemicals, include regional agronomists for the Jordan Valley, the occupied Syrian Golan, and the West Bank. ICL Group’s activities are concerning as they are linked to the use of natural resources in the OPT, particularly stone and other minerals, for business purposes and the provision of services and utilities supporting the maintenance and existence of settlements.