HEADQUARTERS
Frankfurt, Germany
publicly traded
YES
largest shareholders
BlackRock Fund Advisors (6.91%) Hamad bin Jassim bin Jabor Al-Thani (4.81%)
Capital Research & Management Co. (4.45%)
Vanguard Fiduciary Trust Co. (4.08%)
DWS Investment Management Americas Inc (3.29%)
Hamad Bin Khalifa Al-Thani (2.66%)
CPR Asset Management SA (2.09%)
UBS Financial Services Inc (1.53%)
operations
Global; largest influence in Germany, the UK, and the US
total assets
£1.15 trillion
financing overview
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climate crisis
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genocide in Gaza
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Palestine occupation
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controversial weapons
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Migrant abuse
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£39,600,344,000
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£3,199,001,000
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£14,446,400,000
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£6,266,400,000
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£461,600,000
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#20 Financier of fossil fuel expansion companies in 2024
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Bankrolling Israel's genocidal assault on Palestinians.
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Making £14.4 billion available to companies profiting from the occupation of Palestine
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Making £6.3 billion available to nuclear weapons producers
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Complicit in funding at least one company supporting migrant abuse
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Company highlights and involvement
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company involved
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funding
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climate crisis
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gaza genocide
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cont. weapons
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PALESTINE OCCUPATION
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migrant abuse
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ENI
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£542m
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TOTAL
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£952m
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GLENCORE
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£514m
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BP
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£1.9bn
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EXXONMOBIL
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£739m
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BOEING
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£1.6bn
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RTX
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£1.2bn
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HONEYWELL
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£1.5bn
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ROLLS-ROYCE
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£386m
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LEONARDO
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£110m
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AIRBUS
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£462m
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CISCO SYSTEMS
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£2.2bn
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MAN GROUP
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£1.7bn
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IBM
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£1.4bn
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VOLVO GROUP
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£1.2bn
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BOOKING HOLDINGS
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£1.2bn
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Fossil fuel companies bankrolling the climate crisis
Funded: £1.9bn
Climate Crisis
gaza genocide
BP, one of the world’s largest energy corporations, is a symbol of ruthless greed and imperial exploitation. Born as the Anglo-Persian Oil Company in 1909, it was the engine of British imperialism, securing control over Iranian oil through corruption and coercion while the Iranian people were left impoverished and dispossessed.
BP’s legacy is stained with environmental catastrophe and human suffering. The 2010 Deepwater Horizon disaster unleashed nearly five million barrels of oil into the Gulf of Mexico, killing untold marine life and devastating ecosystems, all while BP cynically promoted its “Beyond Petroleum” greenwashing campaign.
Now, BP is complicit in genocide, supplying oil that fuels Israel’s brutal war machine against Palestinians. Weeks into the genocide, BP accepted an Israeli gas exploration license, proving yet again its callous disregard for oppressed communities.
Funded: £514m
Climate Crisis
Glencore, one of the world’s largest mining companies and a leading trader of fossil-fuel commodities, embodies the brutal realities of neocolonial exploitation. Glencore accounts for a significant portion of global coal production, operating mines in countries like Colombia, South Africa, and Australia, while systematically ravaging environments and trampling human rights.
Its operations in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) are a stark example, where investigations revealed years of waste acid discharge from its Luilu copper refinery, causing severe pollution and ongoing spills. Glencore’s denial of responsibility for child labour at its sites, instead blaming impoverished locals, is a cynical attempt to deflect from its own complicity. Further exposing its predatory practices, the Paradise Papers leak unveiled Glencore’s ties to controversial figures who facilitated the acquisition of undervalued mining rights, robbing the DRC of a tenth of its annual budget.
Glencore’s corruption extends across Nigeria, Côte d’Ivoire, and Cameroon, with its former head of oil trading and four executives facing UK bribery charges, including allegations of flying cash bribes on private jets. In South America, its copper mining has poisoned indigenous lands and rivers in Peru, devastating the health and livelihoods of the Quechua and K’ana peoples while denying compensation. The company’s dark history also includes funding state security forces and paramilitary groups in Colombia and the Philippines to intimidate and murder communities resisting its exploitation.
Funded: £952m
Climate Crisis
gaza genocide
TotalEnergies is a French energy giant complicit in human rights abuses, relentless fossil fuel expansion, and decades of deceit. Like its peers, TotalEnergies knew about climate change as early as 1970 but chose to fund misinformation campaigns, deliberately delaying vital climate action. Now it hides behind greenwashing—falsely claiming a path to net zero while boosting fossil fuel production.
TotalEnergies’ East African Crude Oil Pipeline (EACOP) project in Uganda and Tanzania has sparked outrage over human rights violations and environmental destruction. This 1,440km behemoth threatens to displace over 120,000 people, leaving communities devastated and livelihoods shattered. The Ugandan government, seemingly in lockstep with TotalEnergies, has ruthlessly silenced opposition, jailing peaceful protesters and crushing dissent. Families face intimidation and pressure to accept paltry compensation, their futures hanging in the balance.
Most chillingly, Total fuels Israel’s genocide in Gaza. Research reveals it supplies oil to Israel via Brazilian shipments and the BTC pipeline, profiting from bloodshed. The list of Total’s abuses culminates with its complicity in the Israeli genocide of Palestinians. Investigations by Oil Change International expose its direct complicity in Israel’s slaughter of Palestinians, supplying oil through Brazilian onshore fields it co-owns and the BTC pipeline, where it holds a stake. While Gaza burns, Total fuels the fire.
Funded: £542m
Climate Crisis
gaza genocide
ENI Energy, the Italian oil and gas supermajor, operates across 60+ countries, leaving a trail of neocolonial exploitation and environmental devastation, particularly in Africa. Its record includes the discovery and continued extraction from Egypt’s massive offshore gas field, alongside the egregious launch of Africa’s first tar sands project in the ecologically vital Congo Basin, threatening invaluable biodiversity and the livelihoods of thousands. The company’s staggering negligence is laid bare by its Nigerian subsidiary’s 52 oil spills between 2021 and 2023, which ravaged local rivers and crops. Worse, ENI not only provided misleading information about the damages but also brazenly refused compensation or acknowledgment for the suffering inflicted on affected communities.
ENI’s complicity extends to the unfolding genocide in Gaza. Just weeks after Israel’s assault on Gaza escalated in late 2023, ENI secured a licence to explore gas fields off Israel’s coast—territory widely recognised as Palestinian maritime waters. Revenues from these projects directly bolster Israel’s military, fuelling its campaign of destruction.
Funded: £739m
Climate Crisis
gaza genocide
ExxonMobil is a titan of the fossil fuel industry, its operations spanning six continents and its profits built on a foundation of deceit and devastation. By the late 1970s, its own scientists had mapped out the catastrophic consequences of burning fossil fuels—yet ExxonMobil chose to bury the truth, unleashing a decades-long campaign of climate denial and misinformation that poisoned public debate and delayed climate action. The company poured millions into discrediting climate science, manipulating policy, and silencing dissent, all while its executives privately acknowledged the lethal risks of their products.
ExxonMobil’s legacy is soaked in blood and oil. In 2003, the company began supplying Israel with aviation and military fuel, which it has been continuing until today. In light of the International Court of Justice’s 2024 ruling that Israel is plausibly committing genocide in Gaza, also means that Exxon may be legally liable for complicity in acts of genocide.
Its history is scarred by complicity in coups, such as its role in overthrowing Iran’s democratic government, and by direct involvement in human rights atrocities: Indonesian villagers in Aceh alleged torture, sexual violence, and mass graves at the hands of soldiers guarding Exxon’s gas fields. The company has weaponized international law to sue governments for daring to protect their environment, while suing its own shareholders for demanding climate responsibility.
Weapons Companies bankrolling the Gaza Genocide and Cont. Weapons
Funded: £1.6bn
controversial weapons
gaza genocide
Boeing is not only a global aerospace giant but also a pivotal enabler of the Israeli genocide of Palestinians. The company has supplied Israel with vast quantities of advanced weaponry, notably its Joint Direct Attack Munition kits, which convert unguided bombs into precision-guided munitions. These Boeing-manufactured weapons have been linked to numerous deadly attacks on densely populated civilian areas, in what Amnesty International and other human rights organisations have condemned as potential war crimes. Boeing’s Apache attack helicopters and F-15 fighter jets have also played a central role in Israeli military campaigns, further amplifying the scale and lethality of operations in Gaza.
Beyond its role in conventional warfare, Boeing is a key contractor in the U.S. nuclear weapons program, maintaining and supporting the guidance systems for Minuteman III intercontinental ballistic missiles, which are central to the U.S. nuclear arsenal. This dual role—supplying both conventional and nuclear arsenals—places Boeing at the heart of global military-industrial power, with its products implicated in both genocide and the ongoing threat of nuclear escalation.
Case study: Joint Direct Attack Munitions used on Palestinians
- Deir al-Balah, Gaza
- Owner: Boeing
On 10 and 22 October 2023, two Israeli air strikes—using Boeing-manufactured Joint Direct Attack Munitions —killed 43 civilians, including 19 children, in Deir al-Balah, Gaza. Amnesty International’s forensic analysis confirmed Boeing’s JDAM fragments and manufacturing codes in the rubble of destroyed homes, where survivors reported no prior warning. The attacks, lacking any apparent military objective, obliterated families and left survivors in shock.
US-made weapons facilitated the mass killings of extended families
Funded: £110M
gaza genocide
CONTROVERSIAL WEAPONS
The Italian arms giant Leonardo supplies the deadly naval gun systems mounted on Israel’s Sa’ar-class warships, the brutal enforcers of Gaza’s illegal naval blockade. These warships, including the heavily armed Sa’ar 6 corvettes, form the backbone of Israel’s naval oppression, cutting off food, fuel, and medical supplies to Gaza’s besieged population. In October 2023, Leonardo’s weaponry saw its first bloody deployment as Sa’ar 6 ships bombarded Gaza, directly enabling Israel’s indiscriminate assault on Palestinian civilians. By arming these warships, Leonardo isn’t just complicit in collective punishment—it’s a key enabler of what legal experts say constitutes war crimes. While posing as a “defence” contractor, the company profits from the machinery of occupation, turning Gaza’s coastline into a militarised kill zone where Palestinian fishermen are shot at and humanitarian aid is blocked.
Funded: £1.5bn
gaza genocide
controversial weapons
Honeywell International, a global conglomerate, is deeply entrenched in the machinery of conflict, contributing critical components to Israel’s military operations, particularly implicated in the ongoing genocide in Gaza. Its precision-guided munitions have been identified in devastating strikes, including the airstrike on the U.N.-run al-Sardi school on 6th June 2024, which brutally claimed the lives of at least 40 Palestinians, including 14 children.
Beyond its immediate complicity in the Gaza genocide, Honeywell is a linchpin of the US nuclear weapons programme. As the sole manufacturer of critical navigation systems for weapons like the Minuteman III nuclear missile, and a key subcontractor on the Sentinel programme, the company underpins the modernisation of these apocalyptic arsenals. Its subsidiary’s oversight of the Kansas City National Security Campus, responsible for 85% of non-nuclear components for US nuclear weapons, and its operation of the Nevada National Security Site, further highlight its profound connection to instruments of mass destruction.
Funded: £1.2bn
gaza genocide
CONTROVERSIAL WEAPONS
RTX, formerly known as Raytheon Technologies, is a major player in the global arms industry and a prime contractor for the United States’ newest generation of nuclear weapons. The company leads the development of the Long Range Standoff missile, a nuclear-capable weapon designed to be launched from bombers and to evade modern defences, reinforcing America’s nuclear strike capabilities. RTX’s influence extends further through its subsidiary, Collins Aerospace, which is building crucial command and control systems for the US Air Force’s next-generation Sentinel missile. These projects place RTX at the core of efforts to modernise and expand the US nuclear arsenal.
RTX supplies the Israeli Air Force with guided air-to-surface missiles for its F-16 fighter jets, as well as cluster bombs and “bunker buster” bombs, although there is no conclusive evidence that Israel has been using them in Gaza since October 2023. RTX subsidiary Pratt & Whitney manufactures engines for F-15 and F-16 fighter jets.
Funded: £386m
gaza genocide
controversial weapons
Rolls-Royce, the UK’s second-largest arms manufacturer, is deeply entwined with both Britain’s nuclear weapons programme and Israel’s machinery of war in Gaza. Through its German subsidiary MTU, Rolls-Royce supplies the engines powering Israel’s Merkava 4 and 5 tanks, Namer armoured personnel carriers, and Eitan armoured fighting vehicles—hardware extensively deployed during the 2023 ground invasion of Gaza, including in attacks on medical facilities such as Shifa Hospital. These engines are the most significant Merkava component made outside Israel, forming the backbone of armoured assaults that have killed thousands and devastated civilian infrastructure. Rolls-Royce also provides propulsion systems for 80% of the Israeli Navy’s patrol boats, which enforce the illegal and deadly blockade of Gaza.
On the nuclear front, Rolls-Royce holds contracts to supply reactor cores for the UK’s Trident missile submarines, directly supporting Britain’s weapons of mass destruction.
Companies bankrolling MIGRANT ABUSE
Funded: £462m
migrant abuse
gaza genocide
controversial weapons
Airbus SE, headquartered in the Netherlands, is a multinational military and aerospace company that specializes in manufacturing commercial and military aircraft. Between 2008 and July 2024, the U.S. government awarded Airbus over $7.5 billion of contracts, the vast majority of which were held by the Departments of Defense (DHS) and Homeland Security (DHS).
U.S. immigration authority Customs and Border Protection (CBP) uses Airbus helicopters as part of its Air and Marine Operations (AMO) fleet. In 2023 alone, AMO’s enforcement resulted in 1,004 arrests and 89,909 apprehensions of immigrants. According to Airbus, it has provided aircraft for U.S. border enforcement operations since the 1980s.
CBP uses the Airbus AS350 Light Enforcement Helicopter (LEH) for “aerial patrol and surveillance of stationary or moving targets,” particularly in metropolitan areas. These helicopters are equipped with electro-optical (day) and infrared (night) sensors. Airbus has provided CBP with more than 100 helicopters from this series over the years, but started providing CBP with new and improved H125 helicopters, “uniquely configured” for the agency, in 2020. Airbus has described the new model as “one of the most advanced, high-tech law enforcement helicopters ever developed.”
CBP has also used the smaller Airbus EC120 helicopter as a “highly-effective aerial surveillance platform in the border desert areas where terrain can be difficult to traverse on foot.” CBP has frequently used this aircraft to assist ground agents in detecting traces left behind by people crossing the desert.
Airbus has collaborated extensively with Israeli Aerospace Industries (IAI) and between 2008 and 2021 applied for a UK export license to sell weapons to Israel. IAI and Airbus also have historically collaborated in joint commercial ventures. In 2011, Airbus Military and IAI came together to sign a Memorandum of Understanding to develop and market the C295 platform (a combat aircraft with surveillance systems). In 2018, Airbus signed a $600million deal with IAI to lease Heron TP drones to Germany’s Defence Ministry. These are unmanned drones which have been used in Gaza since October 2023, and have been reportedly deployed by German forces in Afghanistan for ‘a number of years’.
Airbus Defence and Space Airborne Solutions, a 100% subsidiary of Airbus, also partners with IAI to operate maritime aerial surveillance services for the European Border Agency. These drones, previously tested in operations conducted by the Israeli armed forces, are used to intercept migrant vessels crossing the Mediterranean. According to Statewatch, the choice of these drones was determined by their “performance… in the maintenance of public order by the Israeli Defence Forces and police forces”, implicating them in the ongoing enforcement of Israel’s system of colonial occupation and apartheid. Airbus has thus not only profited from – and helped Israel to profit from – the sale of weapons tested on Palestinians, but the company has also enabled Israel to establish itself as a leading provider of defence and commercial technologies on the global stage.
Companies bankrolling THE OCCUPATION OF PALESTINE
Funded: £1.4BN
PALESTINE OCCUPATION
IBM is a publicly traded multinational technology corporation based in the U.S. and one of the world’s largest software, IT infrastructure, and consulting companies. Since 2019 key IBM has designed and operated the Eitan System of the Israeli Population, Immigration and Border Authority, which replaces the previous Aviv system managed by HPE and DXC Technologies. The Registry includes data on all Palestinians with Israeli citizenship, occupied East Jerusalem non-citizen residents, and Palestinians in the West Bank and Gaza. The Eitan system also documents the crossings under Israeli control, including the Allenby Bridge Crossing, the only entry and exit point for Palestinians residing in the West Bank via Jordan; and the Erez checkpoint with Gaza.
Norwegian asset manager Storebrand Group decided in the first quarter of 2024 to put IBM on its exclusion list, arguing that “[t]he database and the ID system it powers normalize the situation of citizens of Israel in illegal settlements and is the backbone of the regime of segregation implemented by Israel, which discriminates against Palestinians and hinders their movement. Therefore, the database facilitates the fragmentation of Palestinian society; determines the legal jurisdiction that Palestinians fall under (civilian vs. military law); and restricts their participation in the political system (who can vote and be elected), where they can live, work, and travel, and their access to government services. The Special Rapporteur for the Occupied Palestinian Territory has categorised this regime as a state of apartheid, which is classified as a crime against humanity.”.
IBM’s remaining contract for the maintenance of the Aviv and Eitan systems had a value of EUR 96 million) as of December 31, 2023, and is expected to end in 2035. IBM Israel and its subsidiary Red Hat Israel also provide various IT services to the Israeli military.
Funded: £1.2bn
palestine occupation
Volvo Group is a Swedish multinational company which manufactures trucks, buses, construction equipment, and marine and industrial engines. Since 2020, Al-Haq reported several instances of Volvo bulldozers being used during unlawful demolitions of Palestinian structures including residential buildings and water structures. In June 2022, Volvo machinery was reportedly used in the raiding and demolishing of residential tents and animal shacks in Al-Fakheet and Al-Markez villages, after the Israeli Supreme Court had ruled in favour of the expulsion of eight villages in the region of Masafer Yatta in May 2022. Volvo heavy-duty machines were also used in 2023 in home demolitions in Palestinian neighbourhoods in the occupied West Bank and East Jerusalem.
Volvo’s importer and distributor in Israel is Mayer Cars and Trucks Ltd, including for bus chassis. Volvo Bus Corporation (26.5%) and Mayer jointly own Merkavim. Merkavim uses Volvo chassis for its armoured Mars buses that are used in services to Israeli settlements. Mayer and Merkavim are included in the updated UN Database (June 2023).
Funded: £1.7bn
PALESTINE OCCUPATION
MAN Group is a German multinational company and a leading supplier of commercial vehicles and transport solutions in Europe. As reported by Who Profits, the company supplies the chassis for the car that carries the “Skunk”. This non-lethal crowd control weapon made by Odortec has been widely used by Israeli forces in the occupied West Bank, East Jerusalem, and within the Green Line against Palestinians in demonstrations and as a punitive measure. It spreads a stench that attaches to bodies and objects for considerable periods.
MAN Group also supplies chassis for buses to Egged Group, an Israeli bus company that operates bus lines to settlements in the occupied West Bank and East Jerusalem.
Funded: £2.2bn
palestine occupation
Cisco Systems is a network solution provider headquartered in the U.S. Its subsidiary, Cisco Israel, broadly cooperates with the Israeli military. Moreover, it collaborates with the Israeli government to establish technological hubs, as part of the Digital Initiative that was launched in 2018. According to Who Profits, five of the 36 hubs opened by September 2023 were located in the occupied West Bank, in Modi’in Illit, Beitar Illit, Kiryat Arba, Itamar, and Sha’ar Binyamin Industrial Zone.
The company reacted to a request for information in 2021 by stating that it is aiming to contribute to innovation, promote entrepreneurship and digital skills in partnership with the Government of Israel, but that the Israeli government installs the Webex boards, and that Cisco Israel is not involved in the decision-making on hub locations.
Cisco’s activity is concerning as the hubs aim to strengthen entrepreneurship and employment and, with this, benefit the existence, expansion, and sustainability of Israel’s settlement enter- prise.
Funded: £2.2BN
PALESTINE OCCUPATION
Booking Holdings (U.S.) claims to be the world’s leading provider of online travel and related services. Its subsidiary, Booking.com (Netherlands), is an online rental company that pro- motes accommodations and facilitates travel service reservations, covering over 220 countries and territories. Booking.com also provides booking services for a range of hotels, guesthouses, and holiday apartments in Israeli settlements in the OPT, including East Jerusalem. For example, Booking.com lists accommodations in the Kfar Adumim, Almog, Ovnat, and Kalia settlements.
Since September 2022, Booking has added a warning to all properties listed in the West Bank. This means not only to illegal Israeli settlements but also Palestinian properties in Palestinian cities, with only a disclaimer inviting customers to review their government’s travel advisories before booking, as the area “may be considered conflict-affected”. By failing to inform the customer about the illegality of Israeli settlements and continuing to list accommodation in settlements, Booking.com fails in its commitment to “strive to mitigate the potentially negative effects of travel and tourism on local cultures, communities […].” The company profits from an average of 15% commission charges per reservation.67
Booking is among the business enterprises included in the updated UN Database (June 2023) due to its involvement in the provision of services and utilities supporting the maintenance and existence of settlement